Demographic changes can have far-reaching impacts on our society, economy and environment. In this course, we will study current demographic trends and the consequential challenges facing societies today. Through a comprehensive examination of population patterns, including topics pertinent to demographic changes in Hong Kong such as longer life expectancies, persistent low fertility levels and immigration, we will map the intricate linkages between demographic shifts and the socioeconomic challenges manifesting at local, national, and global levels. Participants will delve into essential concepts, theories, and analytical techniques of social demography, gaining insights into how population structures change and the far-reaching consequences for individuals, families, and societies.